Adolescence

Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that occurs between childhood and young adulthood. This transition involves biological (sexual maturation), social, and psychological changes, although only the biological and psychological changes can be easily measured. Adolescence is usually defined as between the ages of 12 and 18. In recent years, the onset of puberty in preadolescence (before adolescence) has somewhat increased (especially in girls, with early and precocious puberty), and adolescence has sometimes extended beyond the teenage years (especially in boys). These changes have made it more difficult to define a consistent timeframe for adolescence.
Adolescence is one of the most important and sensitive periods of human life; because during this period, the adolescent is seeking to find his identity and is on the path to forming a self-reliant personality. Numerous questions also enter the adolescent's mind, and if he cannot find appropriate answers to them, he may develop a shaky and possibly dual personality. Therefore, understanding the important physical, psychological, social, intellectual, and moral aspects of adolescents gives the adolescent and those around him the ability to know the correct way to deal with the physical and psychological changes that have occurred and to some extent prevent the emergence of inconsistencies specific to this period. Puberty is considered a rebirth. He says: When a person reaches puberty, it is as if another person with different physical and mental characteristics has been born within him.2 In the third seven years of life, which is the period of puberty and youth, rapid changes occur in the body and soul of the adolescent, and in a short period of time, his body and thoughts change completely.
Islam has considered this issue from two positive and negative aspects: On the positive side, according to Islam, adolescence is a period of strength and ability that lies between two periods of weakness and incapacity (childhood and old age).
Gesel says: Puberty is a continuous and continuous growth that begins in childhood and continues without interruption, which is sometimes rapid and sometimes slow, and it cannot be described as having specific characteristics and structure and considered to have stages. Development consists of different stages and periods, and each stage has its own mental structure, and because of this structure, each stage is separate and distinct from the other stages; for example, adolescence is a period of inner turmoil and personality revolution, while childhood is a period of peace and tranquility, and its growth has a monotonous rhythm. The period of puberty, which is faced with a crisis, creates changes in the entire personality of the individual.
In the pre-adolescent period, the child's mental structure was able to operate objectively and to a limited extent based on logical operations, but in adolescence, which is the period of establishment of abstract intelligence, facts are exposed to mental operations more clearly and easily. In this period, the adolescent does not rely on limited facts, but thinks about what is possible, and therefore the scope of his mental operations expands to a great extent.
Piaget says in this regard: Children are often observers of the external world and are confined to reality (sensorimotor thinking) and their thinking is dependent on external objects. However, the adolescent gains extraordinary mental power that frees him from the constraints of external realities and directs him to his own mental and inner world. Adolescence is a period of abstract thinking, his "ego" is so strong that it can rebuild the world and is so big that it can make it a part of itself;

Translator: Faeghe Ebraimpour